The project will be using microsatellite markers developed for Penstemon Pachyphyllus - as species commonly used in restorations in the High Deserts of the Western United States. To create sufficient seed for restoration, wild-collected seed is being grown up in large beds to bulk up numbers. This second-generation seed is then sown in restorations. In the process, we expect to seed genetic processes such as adaptation, drift, and inbreeding coming into play and altering the genetic mark up of the restoration. If we can predict what is impact the shift in genetic diversity we can make accommodations to minimize any processes that might be unintentional.